广东省天河区高考英语语法二轮复习：阅读理解精讲精炼12含答案
阅读理解精讲精炼1254.Durban—CanadaMondaybecamethefirstcountrytopulloutofthehistoricKyotoProtocol（京都议定书），inescapablyscarringtheglobalanti-climatechangeefforts・TheKyotoProtocol,whichsetdifferentdutiesforallcountriestocutemissions（排放），statesthatdifferentcountriesshouldreducetheircollectivegreenhouseemissionsaccordingly.However,theUnitedStatesrefusedtosigntheprotocolin2001,andistheonlydevelopedcountrythathasnotagreedtosignit.Themovehascastashadowovertheglobalcommunity,andhasmadesomeotherdevelopednationshesitatetocuttheiremissions.Toaddfueltothefire,Canada,becamethefirsttocallitquits,withthedeadlineofthefirstcommitmentperiod（2008-2012）approaching•Thebiggestconcernatthismomentiswhetherotherdevelopedcountrieswouldfollowsuit.Overthepastfouryears,adramahasunfoldedamongdevelopedcountriesovertheemissionscutsandofferingsupporttotheirdevelopingpartners.TheUmbrellaGroup,consistingofJapan,Canada,Australia,theUnitedStatesandotherdevelopedcountries,hesitatedandevenbackedawayfromtheirpositionsundercertainexcuses.ThefirstonequotedbyCanadianEnvironmentMinisterPeterKentisthatemissioncutsdamagetheeconomy.StillanotherisrequiringChinaandIndiatohavethesamedutyofcuttingemissionsasdevelopedcountries.Actually,ifemissionsindevelopedcountriescouldfalltothelevelsindevelopingcountries,itwouldgreatlyhelpthefightagainstglobalclimatechange・Insum,anyirresponsibleaction,intheanti-climatechangecampaignshouldbeacauseforblame.ItiswidelyhopedthattheUnitedStatesandCanadawillseereasonandjointherestoftheworldcommunityinsupportingtheKyotoProtocol.16.Whichofthefollowingservesasthebesttitleofthepassage?A.CanadaDecidestoQuittheKyotoProtocolB.CanadaandtheUSRefusetoCutEmissionsC.DevelopedCountriesHesitatingtoCutEmissionsD.DevelopingCountriesSupportingtheKyotoProtocol17-Accordingtothepassage,haverefusedtofollowtheKyotoProtocol.A.CanadaandAustraliaB•JapanandCanadaC.theUSandCanadaD.ChinaandIndia18.Peoplenowaremostworried・A.whethertheUSandCanadawillreturntothenegotiationtableB・whetherdevelopingcountrieswillrefusetocutemissionsC・whetherChinaandIndiawillcarrythesamedutyasCanadaD・whethermoredevelopedcountrieswilldothesameasCanada【要点综述】这是一篇新闻报道。在美国拒绝签署《京都议定书》Z后，加拿大也率先退出了，这两个发达国家在全球变暖的趋势下，却远离了为解决全球变暖而商定的《京都议定书》。16.B主旨大意题。文章向我们报道了加拿大和美国先后退出了为控制全球变暖，部分国家签订的关于节能减排的《京都议定书》，也就是B项所说的这两个国家拒绝减少温室气体的排放。17.C细节理解题。由前两段可以直接得出答案。18.D细节理解题。由第三段可知。54.Beijing；（13,July）Chinasentupanewdatarelaysatellite,Tianlian1-02,onMondayatthe
XichangSatelliteLaunchCentreinSouth-westernSichuanprovince.Thenewsatellitewillpromotethecountry"ssatellitecommunicationnetworkforspacedocking（对接）.ThesatellitewaslaunchedonaLong-March-3Ccarrierrocketat11：41p.m.,sourcesatthecentretoldXinhuaNewsAgency・Thesatelliteseparatedfromtherocket26minutesafteritslaunchandwasthensuccessfullydeliveredintoageostationarytransferorbit（t也球同步车专移轨道）.DevelopedbytheChinaAcademyofSpaceTechnologyundertheChinaAerospaceScienceandTechnologyCorporation,thesatelliteisthecountry*sseconddatarelaysatellite・Thefirst,TianlianI-01,waslaunchedonApril25,2008・ThetwosatelliteswillformanetworktoimprovecommunicationsbetweenChina"sspacecraftandbasesonEarth,accordingtothecentre・Theywillalsobeusedtohelpthenation"sfirstspacedocking,scheduledforthesecondhalfofthisyear.Asplanned,ChinawilllaunchspacemoduleTiangong-I,whichwasdesignedasaplatformthatwilldockwithanunmannedspaceship,Shenzhou,forthecounty^firstspace-dockingmissionthisyear.TwomoreShenzhouspaceshipswilldockwithTiangong-Inextyear,andonewillbemannedbytwoorthreeastronauts,accordingtoChinaMannedSpaceEngineeringOffice,whichwasthemainuseroftheTianlian1seriesdatarelaysatellites・“Thenewsatellitecancoveragreaterareatotrackandcommandthecountry"sspacevehiclesinlow-Earthorbits,suchasmannedspacecraftandremotesensingsatellites,fromahigherpositioninouterspace.Onlythreesatellitesofthiskindareneededtoformaglobalcommunicationnetwork,andChinahastwonow.”PangZhihao,aresearcheranddeputyeditor-in-chiefofSpaceInternational,said.Thesatellitecouldalsoequipastronautswithreal-timecommunications,whichwillbenefitthecounty"sfuturemannedspaceflights,hesaid.21•WhatisthemainpurposetosendupTianlianI・02?A.TotestthefunctionofaLong-March-3Ccarrierrocket.B.Tocarrysomeastronautsintospacetodosomeresearch.C.Tosendmoreinformationandclearerpicturestomobilephonesontheearth・D.Topromotethecountry"ssatellitecommunicationnetworkforspacedocking.22・WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothenewsreport?A.ShenzhouVUIisamannedspaceship.B.Tiangong-IwilldockwiththreeShenzhouspaceshipsnextyea匚C.ThesatelliteisofgreatimportancetoChina"sspaceexploratioruD.China"sfirstspacedockingwillbedoneinthesecondhalfofnextyear.23.Thebesttitleofthepassagecouldbe・A.ChinaLaunchedaNewSpaceShuttleB.China"sPlanforSpaceExplorationC.China"sProgressinChinasSpaceExplorationD.NewSatelliteHelpsChina"sSpaceExploration【要点综述】“天链一号”发射成功，小国的航天取得令世人瞩目的成绩，多颗卫星的发射使得中国的太空探索如虎添翼。21.D细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“Thenewsatellitewillpromotethecountry1ssatellitecommunicationnetworkforspacedocking（对接）.”可矢fl答案。22.C推理判断题。A,B和D为错误叙述，与事实不符合。文章着重强调该卫星的重要性。23.D主旨大意题。全文阐述新卫星对中国太空事业发展的影响，最后一段更是揭示了这一主题。55.Thepracticeofstudentsendlesslycopyinglettersandsentencesfromablackboardisathingofthepast.Withthecomingofnewtechnologieslikecomputersandsmartphones,writingbyhandhasbecomesomethingofanostalgic（"怀I口白勺）skill.However,whiletoday"seducatorsareusingmoreandmoretechnologyintheirteaching,manybelievebasichandwritingskillsarestillnecessaryforstudentstobesuccessful一bothinschoolandinlife.VirginiaBerninger,professorofeducationalpsychologyattheUniversityofWashington,says
it"simportanttocontinueteachinghandwritingandhelpchildrenacquiretheskillofwritingbyhand.Berningerandhercolleaguesconductedastudythatlookedattheabilityofstudentstocompletevariouswritingtasks—bothonacomputerandbyhand.Thestudy,publishedin2009,foundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper,participantswrotelongeressaysandmorecompletesentencesandhadafasterwordproductionrate.Inamorerecentstudy,Berningerlookedatwhatrolespellingplaysinastudentswritingskillsandfoundthathowwellchildrenspellistiedtohowwelltheycanwrite・“Spellingmakessomeofthethinkingpartsofthebrainactive,whichhelpsusaccessourvocabulary,wordmeaningandconcepts.Itisallowingourwrittenlanguagetoconnectwithideas：Berningersaid.Spellinghelpsstudentstranslateideasintowordsintheirmindfirstandthentotranscribe（转换）“thosewordsinthemindintowrittensymbolsonpaperorkeyboardandscreent”thestudysaid.Seeingthewordsinthe
Whichofthefollowingbestshowstheroleofspelling?A.Spellingimprovesone"smemoryofwords.B・Spellingabilityiscloselyrelatedtowritingability.B.Spellingbenefitsthetranslationfromwordsintoideas・C.Spellingslowsdownfindingexactwordstoexpressideas・49.Whatdoes"mincTseye”inParagraph5mean?A.Window.B.Soul.C.Picture・D.Imagination.50.Whatconclusioncouldbedrawnfromthepassage?A.Computerscanhelppeoplewiththeirchoiceofwords.B.Spellcheckscantaketheplaceofspellingteaching.C.Handwritingstillhasaplaceintoday"sclassrooms.D.Functionalspellingabilitydevelopsfastinthefifthgrade・【要点综述】随着现代科技的发展，书写渐渐被人们忽视。但是VirginiaBerninger的研究表明，书写在现代教学中应该占有一席之地。46.B信息理解题。根据第一段中的"Withthecomingofnewtechnologieslikecomputersandsmartphones,writingbyhandhasbecomesomethingofanostalgicskill"可知答案。
47.A4&B49.D50.C信息理解题。根据第三段可知答案。信息理解题。根据第四段可知答案。词义猜测题。根据第五段可知答案。主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第一段最后一句可知答案。56Inarecentannouncement,HarvardandtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)saidthattheyhavejoinedforcestoofferfreeonlinecoursesinanefforttoattractmillionsofonlinelearnersworldwide・Beginningthisfall,anumberofcoursesdevelopedbyteachersatbothuniversitieswillbeofferedonlinethroughanew$60millionprogram,knownasedX・"AnyonewithanInternetconnectionanywhereintheworldcanuseouronlinecourses,”HarvardPresidentDrewFaustsaidduringameetingtoannouncetheplan.MIThasofferedaprogramcalledOpenCourseWarefortenyearsthatmakesmaterialsfrommorethan2,000classesfreeonline・Ithasbeenusedbymorethan100millionpeople.InDecember,theschoolannounceditalsowouldbeginofferingaspecialcertificate,knownasMITx,forpeoplewhocompletecertainonlinecourses・Harvardhaslongofferedcoursestoawiderpopulationthroughasimilarprogram・TheMITxwillserveasthefoundationforthenewlearningplatform・MITPresidentSusanHockfieldsaidmorethan120,000peoplesignedupforthefirstMITxcourse・ShesaidHarvardandMIThopeotheruniversitieswilljointheminofferingcoursesontheopen-sourceedXplatform・“Fasten_your_seatbelts,”Hockfieldsaid.Otheruniversities,includingStanford,YaleandCarnegie-Mellon,havebeenexperimentingwithteachingtoaglobalpopulationonline・TheHarvard-MITprogramwillbemonitoredbyanot・fo「profit(非盈利的［organizationbasedinCambridge,tobeownedequallybythetwouniversities・BothMITandHarvardhaveprovided$30milliontostarttheprogram・TheyalsoplantousetheedXplatformtoresearchhowstudentsleamandwhichteachingmethodsandtoolsaremostsuccessful.53.Accordingtothistext,edXis・A.apartofthefreeMITOpenCourseWareB・afreecomputerprogrambyMITandHarvardA.aHarvard-MITplatformoffreeonlinecoursesD・afreeprogramonlineforuniversitiesworldwide54.Whatissaidaboutonlineeducationinthetext?A.Universitieshavebeentryingonlinecourses.B・About2,000onlinecourseshavebeenoffered・C.Over100millionpeoplehavefinishedcoursesonline.D・StanfordandYaletogetherhavecoursessimilartoedX・55.Theunderlinedpartinthetextprobablymeans"rA.GetreadyforthedifficultiesB•GetreadyforthiseducationalchangeC.GetpreparedtocompletetheonlinecoursesB.GetpreparedtomakematerialsfortheedXcourses56.WhatcanbesaidaboutMITxaccordingtothetext?A.ItisfirstofferedaspartoftheedXlearningprogram.B.ItisanotherfreeMIT-Harvardonlinelearningprogram.C.Itisastandardtorecognizeonlinelearners9achievement.D.ItisanewkindoffreeonlinecourseofHarvardandMIT.
【要点综述】本文为新闻报道类文体。文章报道了Harvard和MIT联手向全球免费提供网上课程的事情。53.C细节理解题。根据第一段提到的Harvard和MIT联手向全球免费提供网上课程及第二段“anumberofcoursesdevelopedbyteachersatbothuniversitieswillbeofferedonlinethroughanew$60millionprogram,knownascdX"可知edX是这两所大学联手打造的一个免费授课的网络平台。故答案选C。54.A推理判断题。B项应是2,000classes；C项应是100多万人使用，而不是完成了课程；D项文中没有谈到它们的课程是否相似。根据倒数第二段uOtheruniversities,includingStanford,YaleandCarnegie-Mellon,havebeenexperimentingwithteachingtoaglobalpopulationonline.v可知答案选A。55.B句意理解题。此句的字面意思为“系好安全带”。结合文章的意思可知是为这些大学在网上开设免费课程这一教育变革做好准备。故答案为B。56.C细节理解题。根据第三段TnDecember,theschoolannounceditalsowouldbeginofferingaspecialcertificate,knownasMITx,forpeoplewhocompletecertainonlinecourses：可知MITx是承认修完课程的证书。故答案选C。57.Whatbringsanationtogether?Ofthefourchoices一sharedvalues,language,history,andreligion,it"ssharedvalues.Inourlatestpoll（民意调查）,sevenoutof16countrieschosevaluesasthegreatest『aclor（因素）bringinganationtogether,andsixprefeiTedlanguage・Bothchoicesscoredhighinthepoll,suggestingthatourvaluesandhowweexpressthemarecloselylinked.Still,historywasnotforgotteninsomecountries,particularlyinMexicoandRussia.EvenCanadaandtheUnitedStateschosenationalhistoriesasthesecond-mostimportantfactorunitingtheirpeople.Thebiggestsurprise?Notonecountrypickedreligionasitstopchoice.SharedvalueswonoatU.61%564X4339Share＜（lan^wa^ewastopBntzilMalaysiai,「二・Germany「］Mt11NetherlandsKMKRMCT興fUnitedKingdomFOInd诂IS%>53504642413532SlutredhistorywasNoJin—MexicoBH5BRussiaBBlHiMN37%34RespectyoureldersInmostcountries,theoldestgenerationconsideredvaluesmoreimportanttoanationthandidthosewhoareunder45yearsold.
DoyouspeakCanadian?LanguagescoredlowerinCanadathaninallothercountriespolled,perhapsbecausethecountryspeakstwoofficiallanguages,FrenchandEnglish.ChurchandstateMostpeoplepolleddonotconnecttheirreligiousbeliefstotheirnationalpride・Religionrankedlastin13countries—withFrancescoringitat1%,thelowestofall.46.Accordingtothepoll,whatwasthemostimportantfactorinbringinganationtogether?A・Language・B.Values.C.History.D.Religion.47.Inwhichcountrydidlanguagescorethelowestintheirnationalpride?A.Canada.B.Mexico.C.France・D・America.48.Accordingtothecharts,sharedvaluesandlanguagewereconsideredequallyimportantinA.AustraliaB.BrazilC.ChinaD.India【要点综述】一项最新的调查表明：使得一个民族更有凝聚力的因素很多，但最主要的是相同的价值取向。46.B事实细节题。根据第一段中的Inourlatestpoll,sevenoutof16countrieschosevaluesasthegreatestfactorbringinganationtogether…可知选Bo47.A事实细节题。由DoyouspeakCanadian?一段可知本题选A。48.D推理判断题。根据图表数据可以看出India对于价值取向和语言看得一样重要，故本题选D。58・ADDISABABA,Ethiopia—Oneoftheworld"smostfamousfossils（化石）一the3.2million-year-oldLucyskeleton（骨骼）unearthedinEthiopiain1974一willgoonanexhibitiontourabroadforthefirstlimeintheUnitedStates,officialssaidTuesday・EventheEthiopianpublichasonlyseenLucytwice.TheLucyonexhibitionattheEthiopianNationalMuseuminthecapital,AddisAbaba,isa_replicawhiletherealremainsareusuallylockedinasecretstoreroom.AteamfromtheMuseumofNationalScienceinHouston,Texas,spentfouryearsdiscussingwiththeEthiopiansfortheU.S・tour,whichwillstartinHoustonnextSeptembe匚“Ethiopia^richcultureofboththepastandtoday,isoneofthebestkeptsecretsintheworld,”saidJoelBartsch,directoroftheHoustonmuseum.Thesix-yeartourwillalsogotoWashington,NewYork,DenverandChicago.OfficialssaidsixotherU・S・citiesmaybeonthetourButtheysaidplanshadnotyetbeenworkedout.TravelingwithLucywillbe190otherfossils.Lucy,hernametakenfromaBeatlessongthatplayedinacampthenightofherdiscovery,ispartoftheskeletonofwhatwasoncea31/2-foot-tallape・man（猿丿j）・53.Theauthorwritesthistextmainlyto・A.inlroduceafewU.S.museumsB・describesomeresearchworkC・discussthevalueofanape-manD・reportacomingevent54・Whatdothewords"areplica^inParagraph2referto?A.Apaintingoftheskeleton.B・AphotographofLucy.C•Acopyoftheskeleton.D・AwrittenrecordofLucy・55-HowmanycitieshasLucy"sU.S.tourplanalreadyincluded?
A.Four.B.Five.C.Six.D.Eleven.55・Whatwastheskeletonnamedafter?
A・Anape-man.B•Asong.C.Asinger.D・Acamp・【要点综述】本文主要介绍了科学家1974年在埃塞俄比亚发现的露西化石，露西生活的年代是320万年之前，是目前世界上最重要的古人类化石之一。而这个化石将在美国一些城市进行展览。53.D作者意图题。根据第一段的"ADDISABABA,Ethiopia…willgoonanexhibitiontourabroadforthefirsttimeintheUnitedStates,officialssaidTuesday•”可知这是一篇新闻报道，报道即将发生的事情，因此选DoA“介绍美国的几家博物馆”；B“介绍几项研究工作”；C“讨论猿人的价值”；均与作者的意图不符。54.C指代题。结合第二段的“whiletherealremainsareusuallylockedinasecretstoreroom"中的real,可知这个词的含义是“复制品”。A“骨骼的绘画”；B“露西的照片”；D“露西的书面记录”，均与上下文语境不符。55.B推理判断题。从文章的"Thesix-yeartourwillalsogotoWashington,NewYork,DenverandChicago.”提到了四个城市,再结合前面的"•••whichwillstartinHoustonnextSeptember.可知是五个城市。56.B细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话"Lucy,hernametakenfromaBeatlessongthatplayedinacampthenightofherdiscovery"可知露西的名字来源于一首披头士乐队的歌曲，故选BoA“猿人”；C“歌手”；D“营地”；均与原文信息不符。59WhatWouldYouWantMostonaDesertIsland?Thismonthssurveyshowspeopleworldwidehaveanaturalunderstandingofwhattheywouldneedmostifleftaloneonadesertisland:Anotherperson.Andonetheyknowwell.Respondents（调查对象）inall16countriessurveyedsaidtheirspouse（酉己偶）orpartnerwouldbetheirfirstchoicetohavewiththem.Perhapsthismakessense:AnMP3playercan"lhelpyoufinddrinkingwater,yourdogcarfthelpyoustartafireandwhoknowsifGeorgeClooneyorPenelopeCruzhastakencoursesinwildernesssurvivaltraining?LetsjusthopetheSOSsignyoutwobuildgetsspottedsoonerratherthanlater!“Myhusband,ofcourse!GeorgeClooneywouldn"tthinkFmasprettyasmyhusbanddoes!”Roseane,42,BraziF"MyMP3playe匚Iwouldnotwantmylovedones,includingmypet,tobeleftalonelikethis."Co-Co,2&China“Mypartnershouldbetheretolistentomecomplainaboutthefactthatweareleftaloneonanisland一probablyduetosomeerrorhemade.”Julia,25,Spouse/Partner82%oftheSouthAfricanwomensurveyedwouldmostwanttheirhusband/partnerwiththem,whilejust45%oftheIndianwomensurveyedagreed.Clooney/Cruz27%ofRussianmensurveyedwouldwantacelebrity（名人）along.Only2%oftheMexicanmenagreed・Lessthan18%ofwomenworldwidechosethisoption.MP3PlayerThiswassecondchoiceoverall,particularlyamongMalaysianmen,with32%sayingthey"dmostwantanMP3playerwiththeirfavoritesongs.Just5%eachofAustralianandAmericanmenagreed.
InFrance,28%ofrespondentsolderthan45wouldmostwanttobeleftalonewiththeirdog,whilenotasingleRussianorMalaysianinthatagegroupsurveyedwouldmostwantFidoalong.56.Accordingtothesurvey,peopleleftaloneonadesertislandwouldmostwanttheir・A.MP3playerB.dogC.spouse/partnerD.celebrity53.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutGeorgeClooney?A.Hehasbeentrainedinwildernesssurvival.B.Hemaynotbeabletohelpyousurvive.C.HedoesnotthinkRoseaneisbeautiful.D.HeisthechoiceofmostSouthAfricanwomen.54.Thesurveyresultsareanalyzedintermsoftherespondents1.A.sex,ageandnationalityB.race,nationalityandsexC・marriage,ageandraceD.age,sexandmarriage【奏点综述】如果你一个人独自留在一个孤岛上，此时你最需要什么？文章对此进行了问卷调查。56.C信息理解题。根据第一段第三句^Respondentsinall16countriessurveyedsaidtheirspouseorpartnerwouldbetheirfirstchoicetohavewiththem.,^可知配偶或搭档是首选。57.B是非判断题。根据第一段第四句"…andwhoknowsifGeorgeClooneyorPenelopeCruzhastakencoursesinwildernesssurvivaltraining?”可推知此处表示"谁知道GeorgeClooney和PenelopeCruz是否参加了野外逃生训练课程”,即他们或许不能帮助逃生，故选Bo58.A信息理解题。根据最后四段中的一些数据和关键词"theSouthAfricanwomen,theIndianwomen,Russianmen,theMexicanmen,olderthan45”等都可以看出是从性别、年龄、国籍这三个方面来调查的，故A项正确。
